Spin Bose-metal and valence bond solid phases in a spin-1/2 model with ring exchanges on a four-leg triangular ladder

Phys Rev Lett. 2011 Apr 15;106(15):157202. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.106.157202. Epub 2011 Apr 12.

Abstract

We study a spin-1/2 system with Heisenberg plus ring exchanges on a four-leg triangular ladder using the density matrix renormalization group and Gutzwiller variational wave functions. Near an isotropic lattice regime, for moderate to large ring exchanges we find a spin Bose-metal phase with a spinon Fermi sea consisting of three partially filled bands. Going away from the triangular towards the square lattice regime, we find a staggered dimer phase with dimers in the transverse direction, while for small ring exchanges the system is in a featureless rung phase. We also discuss parent states and a possible phase diagram in two dimensions.