The suspicion of a hearing defect is nowadays raised during auditory screening, which is performed on all newborn immediately after birth. Final diagnosis requires several examination visits, during which clinical examinations are combined with electrical examinations of auditory responses. Auditory rehabilitation is executed with hearing aids applied in both ears. If conventional auditory rehabilitation with hearing aids does not ensure sufficient hearing for the development of speech, the child can be provided with a cochlear implant. Children with a hearing defect should regularly be monitored. A multiprofessional team participates in the rehabilitation.