Interferon-alpha triggers B cell effector 1 (Be1) commitment

PLoS One. 2011 Apr 29;6(4):e19366. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0019366.

Abstract

B-cells can contribute to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases not only through auto-antibody secretion but also via cytokine production. Therapeutic depletion of B-cells influences the functions and maintenance of various T-cell subsets. The mechanisms governing the functional heterogeneity of B-cell subsets as cytokine-producing cells are poorly understood. B-cells can differentiate into two functionally polarized effectors, one (B-effector-1-cells) producing a Th-1-like cytokine pattern and the other (Be2) producing a Th-2-like pattern. IL-12 and IFN-γ play a key role in Be1 polarization, but the initial trigger of Be1 commitment is unclear. Type-I-interferons are produced early in the immune response and prime several processes involved in innate and adaptive responses. Here, we report that IFN-α triggers a signaling cascade in resting human naive B-cells, involving STAT4 and T-bet, two key IFN-γ gene imprinting factors. IFN-α primed naive B-cells for IFN-γ production and increased IFN-γ gene responsiveness to IL-12. IFN-γ continues this polarization by re-inducing T-bet and up-regulating IL-12Rβ2 expression. IFN-α and IFN-γ therefore pave the way for the action of IL-12. These results point to a coordinated action of IFN-α, IFN-γ and IL-12 in Be1 polarization of naive B-cells, and may provide new insights into the mechanisms by which type-I-interferons favor autoimmunity.

MeSH terms

  • Autoimmunity
  • B-Lymphocytes / cytology*
  • B-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Cell Differentiation
  • Cell Separation
  • Cytokines / metabolism
  • Dimerization
  • Gene Expression Regulation*
  • Humans
  • Interferon Type I / metabolism
  • Interferon-alpha / metabolism*
  • Microscopy, Confocal / methods
  • Phenotype
  • STAT4 Transcription Factor / metabolism
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • Th2 Cells / cytology

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • Interferon Type I
  • Interferon-alpha
  • STAT4 Transcription Factor