Pollen and plant food profilin allergens show equivalent IgE reactivity

Abstract

Background: Profilins are commonly involved in polysensitization of allergic patients; therefore, appropriate markers should be used in component-resolved diagnosis.

Objective: To evaluate the immunological equivalence between profilins from pollens and plant-derived foods, to be used in component-resolved diagnosis.

Methods: Specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies against pollen and fruit profilins, as well as sera from patients allergic to mustard, melon, or olive pollen, were used. Purified profilins from mustard seeds, fruit melon, and chenopod and birch pollen were assayed in immunoblotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and ELISA inhibition assays.

Results: Significant correlation was found in the response of purified profilins by ELISA and immunoblotting for both specific IgG and IgE. The highest levels of IgE binding were obtained for olive pollen-allergic patients, which could be related to the route of sensitization. The responses of individual patients to profilins were also similar and independent of the sensitizing source. The inhibition between pairs of allergens was generally higher than 70%, indicating that profilins share most of the IgE epitopes. Modeling of mimotopes in the conformational structure of the implicated profilins supports their strong cross-reactivity obtained experimentally.

Conclusions: No correlation exists between the level of IgE response of individual patients to specific profilins and the corresponding theoretical sensitizing source, suggesting that the sensitization could be attributable to any profilin present in the environment of the patients. This would bear out the use of most profilins as a common marker for polysensitization in component-resolved diagnosis and for therapeutic approaches.