Teflon is an anti-adherent and aesthetic material. The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the influence of Teflon coating on the resistance to sliding (RS) of orthodontic archwires. For this purpose, Teflon-coated archwires were examined using frictional resistance tests by means of a universal testing machine and compared with conventional uncoated wires. Twelve types of archwires with round and rectangular sections (0.014, 0.018, and 0.018 × 0.025 inches) and of different materials (stainless steel and nickel-titanium) were tested with two passive self-ligating brackets (SmartClip™ and Opal(®)) and one active self-ligating bracket (Quick(®)). Each archwire-bracket combination was tested 10 times under 8 simulated clinical scenarios. Statistical comparisons were conducted between the uncoated and Teflon-coated archwires using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests, and linear regression analysis. For all bracket-archwire combinations, Teflon-coated archwires resulted lower friction than the corresponding uncoated archwires (P < 0.01). The results showed that Teflon coating has the potential to reduce RS of orthodontic archwires.