According to the World Malaria Report (2008), Plasmodium vivax cases in Africa are registered and laboratorily confirmed in Ethiopia and Erithrea only. However, foreigners (students, businessmen, etc.) and Russian citizens (tourists, diplomats, businessmen, etc.) annually import P. vivax from African countries to Russia. In 1984 to 1992, a total of 152 patients with P. vivax infection were detected, of which 55 and 57 cases were infected in West African and East Africa, respectively. In 1994-2009, there were 145 P. vivax cases, of which 3 cases were mixed infection: two cases of P. vivax + P. falciparum and one case of P.vivax + P. ovale. The probability of P. vivax infection appears to exist in Equatorial Africa countries. This communication can be regarded as important to study P. vivax distribution in the World.