Detection and credibility of sentinel node in vulvar cancer: a single institutional study and short review of literature

Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2011 Dec;284(6):1551-6. doi: 10.1007/s00404-011-1884-z. Epub 2011 Apr 5.

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the detectability and credibility of sentinel lymph node (SLN) in vulvar cancer.

Methods: With Tc99m-nanocolloid and methylene blue, we identified SLNs in 34 patients. In 27 cases both tracers were used, while in 7 only blue dye was used. Completion lymphadenectomy was performed in all patients. SLNs and non-SLNs were sent separately for pathologic evaluation.

Results: At least one SLN was identified in all patients. Detection rate per groin was not significantly higher in the combined versus blue dye only technique (42/50 vs. 10/14, p = 0.43). 99m-Tc was not superior to blue dye in detecting SLN (42/50 vs. 50/64, p = 0.65). Midline location of the tumor did not seem to negatively affect the procedure. Four false negatives were observed in three patients with tumors >4 cm. Negative predictive value of SLN was 100% for grade I tumors ≤ 4 cm in patients ≤ 71 years.

Conclusion: Tc-99m does not seem to be superior to methylene blue in the detection of SLN in vulvar cancer. Patients of younger age with small, well-differentiated tumors appear to be the most suitable candidates for lymphatic mapping.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymph Node Excision
  • Lymph Nodes / diagnostic imaging
  • Lymph Nodes / surgery
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / diagnostic imaging
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / pathology
  • Methylene Blue*
  • Middle Aged
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Radionuclide Imaging
  • Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
  • Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid*
  • Vulvar Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
  • Vulvar Neoplasms / secondary
  • Vulvar Neoplasms / surgery

Substances

  • Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid
  • Methylene Blue