Inactivation of Escherichia coli O157:H7 attached to spinach harvester blade using bacteriophage

Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2011 Apr;8(4):541-6. doi: 10.1089/fpd.2010.0734.

Abstract

Outbreaks associated with leafy greens have focused attention on the transfer of human pathogens to these commodities during harvest with commercial equipment. Attachment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on new or rusty spinach harvester blades immersed in spinach extract or 10% tryptic soy broth (TSB) was investigated. Bacteriophages specific for E. coli O157:H7 were evaluated to kill cells attached to blade. A cocktail of five nalidixic acid-resistant E. coli O157:H7 isolates was transferred to 25 mL of spinach extract or 10% TSB. A piece of sterilized spinach harvester blade (2×1") was placed in above spinach extract or 10% TSB and incubated at room (22 °C) or dynamic (30 °C day, 20 °C night) temperatures. E. coli O157:H7 populations attached to blade during incubation in spinach extract or 10% TSB were determined. When inoculated at 1 log CFU/mL, E. coli O157:H7 attachment to blades after 24 and 48 h incubation at dynamic temperature (6.09 and 6.37 log CFU/mL) was significantly higher than when incubated at 22 °C (4.84 and 5.68 log CFU/mL), respectively. After 48 h incubation, two blades were sprayed on each side with a cocktail of E. coli O157-specific bacteriophages before scraping the blade, and subsequent plating on Sorbitol MacConkey media-nalidixic acid. Application of bacteriophages reduced E. coli O157:H7 populations by 4.5 log CFU on blades after 2 h of phage treatment. Our study demonstrates that E. coli O157:H7 can attach to and proliferate on spinach harvester blades under static and dynamic temperature conditions, and bacteriophages are able to reduce E. coli O157:H7 populations adhered to blades.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Agriculture / instrumentation*
  • Bacterial Adhesion
  • Bacteriophages / physiology*
  • Biofilms
  • Colony Count, Microbial
  • Crops, Agricultural / chemistry
  • Crops, Agricultural / microbiology
  • Escherichia coli O157 / growth & development*
  • Escherichia coli O157 / isolation & purification
  • Escherichia coli O157 / physiology
  • Escherichia coli O157 / virology*
  • Food Microbiology
  • Foodborne Diseases / prevention & control
  • Microbial Viability*
  • Pest Control, Biological / methods*
  • Plant Extracts
  • Plant Leaves / chemistry
  • Plant Leaves / microbiology
  • Species Specificity
  • Spinacia oleracea / chemistry
  • Spinacia oleracea / microbiology*
  • Temperature
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Plant Extracts