Interventional closure of atrial septal defects in adult patients with Ebstein's anomaly

Abstract

Ebstein's anomaly is frequently associated with interatrial communications. In patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation standard treatment is the surgical repair or replacement of the tricuspid valve and patch closure of the atrial septal defect. We sought to evaluate the feasibility and short-term outcome of interventional device closure of interatrial communications in Ebstein patients with mild to moderate tricuspid regurgitation and various degrees of clinical symptoms. In this case series of 9 patients the device closure could be performed safely and 8 of 9 patients improved in their exercise capacity or clinical condition. However, the patients need to be selected carefully and appropriately for this palliative method. In those with predominant left-to-right shunting, ASD-closure reduces the volume load of the right ventricle and can be performed according to routine procedures. In those patients with cyanosis and right-to-left shunting however, test occlusion of the interatrial communication with adequate balloon size followed by careful examination of the hemodynamics at rest and under catecholamine stimulation is compulsatory to evaluate the feasibility of device closure. The tricuspid regurgitation should not exceed moderate level, the right atrial and ventricular pressure should be within normal range for an adequate time during test occlusion and the systemic blood pressure and cardiac output maintained safely.