Cys-Cys cross-linking shows contact between the N-terminus of lethal factor and Phe427 of the anthrax toxin pore

Biochemistry. 2011 May 3;50(17):3512-6. doi: 10.1021/bi1017446. Epub 2011 Apr 6.

Abstract

Electrophysiological studies of wild-type and mutated forms of anthrax protective antigen (PA) suggest that the Phe clamp, a structure formed by the Phe427 residues within the lumen of the oligomeric PA pore, binds the unstructured N-terminus of the lethal factor and the edema factor during initiation of translocation. We now show by electrophysiological measurements and gel shift assays that a single Cys introduced into the Phe clamp can form a disulfide bond with a Cys placed at the N-terminus of the isolated N-terminal domain of LF. These results demonstrate direct contact of these Cys residues, supporting a model in which the interaction of the unstructured N-terminus of the translocated moieties with the Phe clamp initiates N- to C-terminal threading of these moieties through the pore.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antigens, Bacterial / chemistry*
  • Antigens, Bacterial / genetics
  • Bacillus anthracis*
  • Bacterial Toxins / chemistry*
  • Bacterial Toxins / genetics
  • Cross-Linking Reagents / chemistry*
  • Cysteine / chemistry*
  • Disulfides / chemistry
  • Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay
  • Lipid Bilayers
  • Membrane Potentials
  • Mutation
  • Phenylalanine / chemistry*
  • Protein Multimerization
  • Protein Transport

Substances

  • Antigens, Bacterial
  • Bacterial Toxins
  • Cross-Linking Reagents
  • Disulfides
  • Lipid Bilayers
  • anthrax toxin
  • Phenylalanine
  • Cysteine