Newer antifungal agents

Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2011 Mar;9(3):325-38. doi: 10.1586/eri.10.163.

Abstract

The frequency and spectrum of fungal infections have been increasing steadily over the last several decades. The reason for this increase may be explained by the increase in the number of immunocompromised patients due to malignancies, AIDS, invasive surgical procedures and transplantation. In parallel with this increase, several therapeutic options have become available but problems such as intrinsic or acquired antifungal resistance have led researchers to develop new antifungal drugs with expanded effectiveness. Reduced toxicity, enhancement of bioavailability and counteraction of resistance are features desired by clinicians. The aim of this article is to summarize the studies involving isavuconazole, ravuconazole, albaconazole, aminocandin and some other investigational antifungal agents. Most data on the clinical use of ravuconazole, isavuconazole and albaconazole are mainly available as meeting abstracts or limited to animal studies or Phase I/II studies in humans. These new antifungal agents in development offer extended half-lives, possibly reduced drug interaction profiles and good tolerance. In addition to activity against Candida and Aspergillus spp., they have a broad spectrum of activity including activity against resistant and emerging pathogens. The real possibilities of these agents will only be fully understood after adequate randomized clinical trials.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antifungal Agents / administration & dosage
  • Antifungal Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Antifungal Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Aspergillosis / drug therapy
  • Aspergillus / drug effects
  • Candida / drug effects
  • Candidiasis, Invasive / drug therapy
  • Child
  • Clinical Trials as Topic
  • Half-Life
  • Humans
  • Lipopeptides / administration & dosage
  • Lipopeptides / pharmacokinetics
  • Lipopeptides / therapeutic use
  • Nitriles / administration & dosage
  • Nitriles / pharmacokinetics
  • Nitriles / therapeutic use
  • Pyridines / administration & dosage
  • Pyridines / pharmacokinetics
  • Pyridines / therapeutic use
  • Quinazolines / administration & dosage
  • Quinazolines / pharmacokinetics
  • Quinazolines / therapeutic use
  • Thiazoles / administration & dosage
  • Thiazoles / pharmacokinetics
  • Thiazoles / therapeutic use
  • Triazoles / administration & dosage
  • Triazoles / pharmacokinetics
  • Triazoles / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Antifungal Agents
  • Lipopeptides
  • Nitriles
  • Pyridines
  • Quinazolines
  • Thiazoles
  • Triazoles
  • aminocandin
  • isavuconazole
  • ER 30346
  • albaconazole