Background: Obstructed defecation syndrome is a multifactorial disorder of the defecation process. Stapled transanal rectal resection has been used to restore function in patients suffering from obstructed defecation syndrome.
Objective: The aim of this study was to use preoperative and postoperative dynamic pelvic floor MRI combined with clinical parameters to evaluate the outcome of stapled transanal rectal resection.
Design and setting: A prospective cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care center.
Patients: A group of 140 women with obstructed defecation syndrome were evaluated.
Intervention: All 140 patients were initially treated conservatively with laxatives, increased fluid intake, pelvic floor exercises, and biofeedback. Stapled transanal rectal resection was performed in 30 patients with rectocele who did not show improvement in symptoms after at least 6 months of conservative treatment.
Main outcome measures: Preoperative diagnostic workup consisted of dynamic pelvic floor MRI, clinical examination, coloscopy, and clinical scores (Cleveland Clinic constipation score, German Working group on Coloproctology continence score, and SF-36 quality-of-life questionnaire). Postoperatively, patients were reevaluated at 3 months by means of dynamic pelvic floor MRI, clinical examination, and clinical scores; clinical scores were repeated at 6 months after the operation.
Results: Postoperative dynamic pelvic floor MRI performed after a median of 3.4 months showed a decrease in rectocele size from 3.3 (interquartile range, 2.8-3.8) cm to 1.5 (1.2-2) cm (P < .001). The number of patients with intussusception decreased from 21 (70%) before the operation to none after the operation (P < .001). The size of cystoceles did not change. The number of patients with incomplete evacuation was significantly reduced (P < .001). With a mean follow-up of 18 ± 4 months, patients showed a significant improvement in the quality-of-life score (P < .001) but not in the continence scores.
Conclusions: Stapled transanal rectal resection is an effective treatment option for patients with obstructed defecation syndrome associated with rectocele and intussusception.