Nitrogen-rich salts based on energetic nitroaminodiazido[1,3,5]triazine and guanazine

Abstract

Highly dense nitrogen-rich ionic compounds are potential high-performance energetic materials for use in military and industrial venues. Guanazinium salts with promising energetic anions and a family of energetic salts based on nitrogen-rich cations and the 6-nitroamino-2,4-diazido[1,3,5]triazine anion (NADAT) were prepared and fully characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The crystal structures of neutral NADAT (2) and its biguanidinium salt 5 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (2: orthorhombic, Pnma; 5: monoclinic, P2(1)). Additionally, the isomerization behavior of 2 in solution was investigated by proton-decoupled (13)C and (15)N NMR spectroscopy. All the new salts exhibit desirable physical properties, such as relatively high densities (1.63-1.78 g cm(-3)) and moderate thermal stabilities (T(d) = 130-196 °C for 3-10 and 209-257 °C for 11-15). Theoretical performance calculations (Gaussian 03 and Cheetah 5.0) gave detonation pressures and velocities for the ionic compounds 3-15 in the range of 21.0-30.3 GPa and 7675-9048 m s(-1), respectively, which makes them competitive energetic materials.