Ovarian pathology for the pediatric urologist

Abstract

Objectives: To report the breadth of ovarian conditions that pediatric urologists may encounter through diverse referral patterns.

Methods: Two regional pediatric centers reviewed cases from 2000 to 2010, yielding 13 females with gonad-related conditions.

Results: Six of 13 patients (46%) were referred for a presumed urological condition that was later discovered to be of ovarian origin or were already known to the urology clinic for a congenital urological anomaly. Six patients had tumor markers drawn, all of which were normal. Median age was 11.2 years. The most common presenting symptoms were pain (6/13), emesis (5/13), and precocious puberty (2/13). Median mass diameter was 7.5 cm with 2 patients having masses greater than 20 cm. Histologic diagnosis was mature teratoma (4/13), streak gonad (3/13), and hemorrhagic cyst (2/13). Two patients had potentially malignant tumors (immature teratoma and juvenile granulosa cell tumor).

Conclusions: At our centers, an ovarian condition is encountered an average of 1.3 times per year. As management of pediatric ovarian cysts and masses is controversial, pediatric urologists should be familiar with the diagnosis and treatment of such conditions.