We provided psychological preparation to children who were hospitalized for endoscopy. We performed a multifaceted evaluation of the effects of the preparation to identify appropriate methods for individual children. The subjects were 20 children, ages 4 to 15 years (average 9.9 years), who were divided into 3 groups according to the preparation methods. From our study, we suggest that it is important to discuss the preparation methods for medical procedures using methods appropriate to the level of cognitive development of each individual child.