TRPP2 (polycystin-2) is a member of the TRP family of nonselective cation channels that is mutated in human autosomal polycystic kidney disease. TRPP2 has been implicated in Ca2+-dependent mechanosensitive pathways in a variety of biological functions including cell proliferation, sperm fertilization, mating behavior, and asymmetric gene expression. Although its function as a Ca2+-permeable cation channel is well established, its precise role and subcellular localization in the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and cilium have remained controversial. The present review summarizes the most pertinent recent evidence regarding the structural and functional properties of TRPP2 channels, focusing on the regulation and physiology of mammalian TRPP2.
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