Preclinical absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of N-(4-(3-((3S,4R)-1-ethyl-3-fluoropiperidine-4-ylamino)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yloxy)-3-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-oxo-2,3-dihydropyridazine-4-carboxamide, a novel MET kinase inhibitor

Xenobiotica. 2011 Apr;41(4):327-39. doi: 10.3109/00498254.2010.542500. Epub 2010 Dec 23.

Abstract

GNE-A (AR00451896; N-(4-(3-((3S,4R)-1-ethyl-3-fluoropiperidine-4-ylamino)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yloxy)-3-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-oxo-2,3-dihydropyridazine-4-carboxamide) is a potent, selective MET kinase inhibitor being developed as a potential drug for the treatment of human cancers. Plasma clearance was low in mice and dogs (15.8 and 2.44 mL/min/kg, respectively) and moderate in rats and monkeys (36.6 and 13.9 mL/min/kg, respectively). The volume of distribution ranged from 2.1 to 9.0 L/kg. The mean terminal elimination half-life ranged from 1.67 h in rats to 16.3 h in dogs. Oral bioavailability in rats, mice, monkeys, and dogs were 11.2%, 88.0%, 72.4%, and 55.8%, respectively. Allometric scaling predicted a clearance of 1.3-7.4 mL/min/kg and a volume of distribution of 4.8-11 L/kg in human. Plasma protein binding was high (96.7-99.0% bound). Blood-to-plasma concentration ratios (0.78-1.46) indicated that GNE-A did not preferentially distribute into red blood cells. Transporter studies in MDCKI-MDR1 and MDCKII-Bcrp1 cells suggested that GNE-A is likely a substrate for MDR1 and BCRP. Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of tumour growth inhibition in MET-amplified EBC-1 human non-small cell lung carcinoma tumour xenograft mice projected oral doses of 5.6 and 13 mg/kg/day for 50% and 90% tumour growth inhibition, respectively. Overall, GNE-A exhibited favourable preclinical properties and projected human dose estimates.

MeSH terms

  • Absorption
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / metabolism
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacokinetics*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Dogs
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
  • Female
  • Haplorhini
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Models, Biological*
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / metabolism
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics*
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / metabolism
  • Pyrazoles / metabolism
  • Pyrazoles / pharmacokinetics*
  • Pyrazoles / pharmacology
  • Pyridazines / metabolism
  • Pyridazines / pharmacokinetics*
  • Pyridazines / pharmacology
  • Rats
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • N-(4-(3-(1-ethyl-3-fluoropiperidine-4-ylamino)-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-b)pyridin-4-yloxy)-3-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-oxo-2,3-dihydropyridazine-4-carboxamide
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Pyrazoles
  • Pyridazines
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met