To determine lignin content in triticale and wheat straws, calibration models were built using Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy combined with partial least-squares regression. The best model for triticale and wheat straws was built using averaged spectra with raw spectrum in spectrum format and constant in path length as spectral pretreatments. The values of r(2), root-mean-square error of prediction (RMSEP), and residual predictive deviation (RPD) for the triticale straw model were 0.935, 0.305, and 3.89, respectively. The r(2), RMSEP, and RPD values for the wheat straw model were 0.985, 0.163, and 8.50, respectively. Both models showed good predictive ability. A model built using both triticale and wheat straws indicated that the values of r(2), RMSEP, and RPD were 0.952, 0.27, and 4.63, respectively. This model also showed good predictive ability and could predict lignin contents in triticale and wheat straws with the same high accuracy.