Background and aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and aggressive malignancies worldwide. Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted glycoprotein frequently associated with various tumors. This study aimed to investigate the clinical usefulness of plasma OPN level as a biomarker for HCC among high-risk patients compared to alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and to evaluate its relationship with clinicopathological features of HCC patients.
Methods: Plasma levels of OPN and AFP were measured in 60 Egyptian patients with hepatitis C virus-related liver cirrhosis (30 with HCC, 30 without HCC) and 20 healthy controls.
Results: Plasma OPN levels in cirrhotic patients with HCC were significantly higher than in those without HCC and controls (p <0.001). Among HCC patients, plasma levels of OPN increased significantly with advanced Child-Pugh class (B-C, p <0.001), late tumor stage (III-IV, p <0.001), larger tumor size (≥5 cm, p <0.01), and high tumor grade (p <0.01). The sensitivity and specificity of OPN for HCC were 88.3% and 85.6%, respectively, at a cut-off value of 9.3 ng/mL. OPN had a greater area under curve value (0.918) than AFP (0.712), suggesting superior diagnostic accuracy of OPN. Moreover, no significant correlation was found between OPN and AFP levels in HCC patients.
Conclusions: Plasma OPN can be regarded as a promising diagnostic biomarker for HCC in the surveillance of Egyptian patients with HCV infection. It could also serve as an adverse prognostic factor for HCV-related HCC patients.
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