Relevance of immunophenotypes to prognostic subgroups of age, WBC, platelet count, and cytogenetics in de novo acute myeloid leukemia

Abstract

Immunophenotyping is one of the independent prognostic factors in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Relevance of immunophenotypes to prognostic subgroups of age, white blood cells (WBC), platelet count, and cytogenetics in de novo AML was comprehensively investigated in this study for the first time. Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR and CD14 expression associated with the elderly, highest WBC count, and unfavorable-risk cytogenetics; CD4, CD7, and CD11b expression correlated with highest WBC count and unfavorable-risk cytogenetics; CD64 expression was associated with higher WBC count while that of CD13 was associated with lower platelet count; CD22, CD34, CD123, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) expression correlated with unfavorable-risk cytogenetics; CD5 expression was associated with normal platelet count while that of CD19 was associated with children and favorable-risk cytogenetics; CD117 expression was associated with low WBC and lower platelet counts; myeloperoxidase (MPO) expression correlated with lower platelet count; and MPO and glycophorin A (Gly-A) expression was associated with lower WBC count and favorable-risk cytogenetics. The results of the relevance analysis revealed the distribution characteristics of antigen expression in different AML prognostic subgroups. The majority of antigens associated with good or poor prognostic subgroups were in accordance with the previous reports of correlation of expression of these antigens with prognosis. Antigens associated with good (or poor) prognostic subgroups were defined as good (or poor)-risk antigens.