Increased plasma methylglyoxal level, inflammation, and vascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetic nephropathy

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate the association of plasma levels of methylglyoxal (MG) and markers of inflammation/endothelial dysfunction with diabetic nephropathy (DN).

Design and methods: Plasma levels of MG, cytokines, and adhesion molecules were measured in type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM), T2DM patients with DN, and the controls.

Results: Plasma MG levels in DN were significantly higher than those in T2DM and the controls (312 ± 135 vs. 212 ± 73 and 312 ± 135 vs. 147 ± 78 nmol/L, respectively, P<0.001). The plasma levels of MG were positively correlated with the fasting glucose, HbA1c, and urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (r=0.754, P<0.05). Plasma levels of IL-6, TNF-α, and adhesion molecules were markedly increased in DN compared to T2DM patients and the controls.

Conclusions: Increased plasma levels of MG, cytokines, and adhesion molecules are associated with DN. These markers may be useful in predicting the development of DN.