Association between aortic calcification and stable obstructive coronary artery disease

Abstract

Background: Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is correlated with aortic calcification (AC) and predicts coronary atherosclerosis as well as obstructive coronary artery disease (OCAD). This study aims to investigate whether AC predicts OCAD independent of CAC and its incremental value in predicting OCAD with CAC.

Methods: Among the consecutive patients who underwent 64-slice multidetector CT (MDCT), we enrolled 120 stable OCAD (luminal narrowing ≥ 50%) patients and 120 controls without OCAD, matched for cardiovascular risk factors. CAC, thoracic AC, and OCAD were determined by MDCT.

Results: The prevalence of AC and CAC were significantly higher in OCAD patients than in controls (64% vs. 48%, p = 0.019; 57% vs. 32%, p < 0.001, respectively). There is a significant correlation between AC and CAC scores in the overall study population (r = 0.528, p < 0.001). In univariate analysis, the odds ratios (ORs) of AC and CAC in predicting OCAD were 1.91 (95% CI, 1.14-3.21) and 2.82 (95% CI, 1.67-4.78), respectively. When an adjustment was made for each other, AC did not maintain a significant association with OCAD, whereas CAC persisted the association (OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.42-4.47). Both AC and CAC present as compared to both absent was found to be a more potent predictor for OCAD (OR, 3.37; 95% CI 1.78-6.36, p < 0.001) than CAC alone.

Conclusions: The presence of AC was associated with stable OCAD independently from cardiovascular risk factors, but the association seemed to be based on the close correlation between AC and CAC. However, AC might have an incremental value with CAC for predicting OCAD.