Antiretrovirals may be used in pregnant women infected with the HIV and their newborns both for treatment of maternal HIV disease and for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. More than 25 antiretroviral agents in 5 classes have been approved, with new drugs and classes in development. This article reviews current knowledge of the pharmacology of these drugs during pregnancy and in the newborn period, highlighting those pharmacologic issues critical to the safe and effective use of antiretrovirals in these populations.
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