A new look at gamma? High- (>60 Hz) γ-band activity in cortical networks: function, mechanisms and impairment

Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2011 Mar;105(1-2):14-28. doi: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2010.10.004. Epub 2010 Oct 27.

Abstract

γ-band oscillations are thought to play a crucial role in information processing in cortical networks. In addition to oscillatory activity between 30 and 60 Hz, current evidence from electro- and magnetoencephalography (EEG/MEG) and local-field potentials (LFPs) has consistently shown oscillations >60 Hz (high γ-band) whose function and generating mechanisms are unclear. In the present paper, we summarize data that highlights the importance of high γ-band activity for cortical computations through establishing correlations between the modulation of oscillations in the 60-200 Hz frequency and specific cognitive functions. Moreover, we will suggest that high γ-band activity is impaired in neuropsychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia and epilepsy. In the final part of the paper, we will review physiological mechanisms underlying the generation of high γ-band oscillations and discuss the functional implications of low vs. high γ-band activity patterns in cortical networks.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cerebral Cortex / physiology*
  • Electroencephalography*
  • Epilepsy / diagnosis
  • Epilepsy / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Magnetoencephalography*
  • Nervous System Diseases / diagnosis*
  • Nervous System Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Neural Networks, Computer*
  • Oscillometry / methods*
  • Schizophrenia / diagnosis
  • Schizophrenia / physiopathology