Abstract
Antioxidant and antimelanogenesis activities of protocatechuic acid (1) from Origanum vulgare (oregano) were investigated. The antioxidative capacity of 1 was confirmed from its free-radical-scavenging activities, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and suppression of reactive oxygen species in H(2)O(2)-induced BNLCL2 cells. The inhibition by 1 of tyrosinase and DOPA oxidase activity and melanin production was possibly related to the down-regulation of melanocortin-1 receptor, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related proteins-2, and tyrosinase-related proteins-1 expression in α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced B16 cells. After a gel containing 1 was applied to mice, the values of L* slightly increased, and a* and erythema-melanin levels of skin were reduced by comparing the values of untreated control groups, indicating 1 can reduce melanin production. These results suggest that 1 may act as an effective quencher of oxidative attackers with antimelanogenesis properties.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antioxidants / chemistry
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Antioxidants / isolation & purification*
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Antioxidants / pharmacology*
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Benzothiazoles / pharmacology
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Biphenyl Compounds / pharmacology
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal / chemistry
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal / isolation & purification*
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal / pharmacology*
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Free Radical Scavengers / chemistry
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Free Radical Scavengers / isolation & purification*
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Free Radical Scavengers / pharmacology*
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Hydroxybenzoates / chemistry
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Hydroxybenzoates / isolation & purification*
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Hydroxybenzoates / pharmacology*
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Melanins / metabolism
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Melanocytes / drug effects*
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Mice
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Molecular Structure
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Monophenol Monooxygenase / antagonists & inhibitors
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Origanum / chemistry*
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Picrates / pharmacology
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Reactive Oxygen Species / antagonists & inhibitors
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Skin Pigmentation / drug effects*
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Sulfonic Acids / pharmacology
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alpha-MSH / drug effects
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alpha-MSH / metabolism
Substances
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Antioxidants
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Benzothiazoles
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Biphenyl Compounds
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Drugs, Chinese Herbal
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Free Radical Scavengers
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Hydroxybenzoates
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Melanins
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Picrates
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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Sulfonic Acids
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2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid
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protocatechuic acid
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alpha-MSH
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1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
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Monophenol Monooxygenase