In less than 40 years, aptamers have consolidated their role in biosensor development. Chemically related to nucleic acid probes, production of aptamers against targets of various sizes and compositions places them as ideal capture elements, alternative to more consolidated molecules such as antibodies. Thanks to their chemical simplicity and production, as well as their unique characteristics, aptamers have been successfully integrated in several innovative approaches. The incorporation of aptamers into the existing microarray technologies has lead to the reporting of various detection strategies, including direct fluorescence detection of fluorescent reporters, fluorescence anisotropy, FRET, SPR imaging, and electrochemical detection.