Proliferating cell nuclear antigen-dependent rapid recruitment of Cdt1 and CRL4Cdt2 at DNA-damaged sites after UV irradiation in HeLa cells

J Biol Chem. 2010 Dec 31;285(53):41993-2000. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.161661. Epub 2010 Oct 7.

Abstract

The licensing factor Cdt1 is degraded by CRL4(Cdt2) ubiquitin ligase dependent on proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) during S phase and when DNA damage is induced in G(1) phase. Association of both Cdt2 and PCNA with chromatin was observed in S phase and after UV irradiation. Here we used a micropore UV irradiation assay to examine Cdt2 accumulation at cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer-containing DNA-damaged sites in the process of Cdt1 degradation in HeLa cells. Cdt2, present in the nucleus throughout the cell cycle, accumulated rapidly at damaged DNA sites during G(1) phase. The recruitment of Cdt2 is dependent on prior PCNA chromatin binding because Cdt2 association was prevented when PCNA was silenced. Cdt1 was also recruited to damaged sites soon after UV irradiation through its PIP-box. As Cdt1 was degraded, the Cdt2 signal at damaged sites was reduced, but PCNA, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer, and XPA (xeroderma pigmentosum, complementation group A) signals remained at the same levels. These findings suggest that Cdt1 degradation following UV irradiation occurs rapidly at damaged sites due to PCNA chromatin loading and the recruitment of Cdt1 and CRL4(Cdt2), before DNA damage repair is completed.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism*
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Nucleus / metabolism
  • Chromatin / chemistry
  • DNA Damage
  • G1 Phase
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism*
  • Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / metabolism*
  • RNA Interference
  • Ubiquitin / chemistry
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / chemistry
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / metabolism
  • Ultraviolet Rays

Substances

  • CDT1 protein, human
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Chromatin
  • DTL protein, human
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen
  • Ubiquitin
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases