Low hemoglobin levels during normovolemia are associated with electrocardiographic changes in pigs

Shock. 2011 Apr;35(4):375-81. doi: 10.1097/SHK.0b013e3181f6aa44.

Abstract

We studied whether low hemoglobin concentrations during normovolemia change the myocardial electrical current (electrocardiogram) in a pig model. Normovolemic anemia was achieved by stepwise replacing blood with colloids (hydroxyethyl starch 6%). We measured the length of the PQ-, QT-, QTc, and the ST interval as well as the amplitude of the Q wave and T wave at hemoglobin concentrations of 9.5, 8.0, 5.5, 3.8, and 3.3 g·dL. Normovolemic anemia is accompanied by a gradual prolongation of the QT and QTc interval and a reduction in the amplitude of the T wave. The QRS complex is partly diminished in amplitude. Results were verified performing a time-frequency analysis on single heartbeats. During severe anemia and normovolemia, electrocardiographic changes can be detected. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate whether these changes indicate myocardial hypoxia.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Anemia / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • Electrocardiography / methods*
  • Female
  • Hemodilution
  • Hemoglobins / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Swine

Substances

  • Hemoglobins