Development of peptide and small-molecule HIV-1 fusion inhibitors that target gp41

ChemMedChem. 2010 Nov 8;5(11):1813-24. doi: 10.1002/cmdc.201000289.

Abstract

It has been 25 years since the development of the first efficient HIV-1/AIDS treatment. Scientists now know more about the HIV-1 infection life cycle, and more than 30 antiretroviral drugs have been developed, including HIV-1 fusion inhibitors. Fundamental work was begun in the early 1990s and led to the development of a novel class of anti-HIV-1 drugs, culminating in a peptide known as T20, which is currently the only HIV-1 fusion inhibitor approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. However, more work needs to be done to perfect the development of peptide and small-molecule HIV fusion inhibitors, particularly those that target gp41. Herein we present a brief overview of the development of this class of anti-HIV-1 drug by focusing on the achievements, challenges, and lessons learned. We cite hallmark studies of the past and comment on future drug development.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Drug Design*
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / chemistry
  • HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / metabolism
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors / chemistry
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • HIV Infections / drug therapy*
  • HIV-1 / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Peptides / chemistry
  • Peptides / pharmacology*

Substances

  • HIV Envelope Protein gp41
  • HIV Fusion Inhibitors
  • Peptides