A comparison of the respiratory effects of oxycodone versus morphine: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled investigation

Anaesthesia. 2010 Oct;65(10):1007-12. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2044.2010.06498.x.

Abstract

Oxycodone's respiratory profile (particularly the extent of respiratory depression in comparison to morphine) remains to be fully characterised in the peri-operative period. We randomly assigned ASA 1-2 adults for elective surgery under general anaesthesia to receive saline, morphine 0.1 mg.kg⁻¹, or oxycodone 0.05 mg.kg⁻¹, 0.1 mg.kg⁻¹, or 0.2 mg.kg(-1) . Results were obtained from six patients in the saline group, 12 patients in the groups receiving morphine 0.1 mg.kg⁻¹, oxycodone 0.05 mg.kg⁻¹ and 0.1 mg.kg⁻¹, and from 10 patients who received oxycodone 0.2 mg.kg⁻¹. Patients were breathing spontaneously and minute ventilation monitored with a wet wedge spirometer for 30 min. All active groups demonstrated significant respiratory depression compared to saline (p < 0.0001 for all groups). The mean (SD) reduction in minute volume from baseline was 22.6% (10.4%) for the morphine 0.1 group and 53.3% (27.2%), 74.4% (12.9%) and 88.6% (13.5%) for the oxycodone 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 groups, respectively, with significant dose dependent differences between oxycodone groups (p = 0.0007). The extent and speed of onset of oxycodone induced respiratory depression was dose dependent and greater than an equivalent dose of morphine.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Analgesics, Opioid / administration & dosage
  • Analgesics, Opioid / adverse effects*
  • Anesthesia, General / methods
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intraoperative Complications / chemically induced*
  • Intraoperative Complications / diagnosis
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Monitoring, Intraoperative / methods
  • Morphine / administration & dosage
  • Morphine / adverse effects*
  • Oxycodone / administration & dosage
  • Oxycodone / adverse effects*
  • Pilot Projects
  • Respiratory Insufficiency / chemically induced*
  • Respiratory Insufficiency / diagnosis
  • Spirometry / methods
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Analgesics, Opioid
  • Morphine
  • Oxycodone