No abstract available
MeSH terms
-
Administration, Inhalation
-
Cardiovascular Diseases / chemically induced*
-
Cardiovascular Diseases / mortality
-
Cholinergic Antagonists / administration & dosage
-
Cholinergic Antagonists / adverse effects*
-
Evidence-Based Medicine
-
Heart Failure / chemically induced
-
Humans
-
Ipratropium / administration & dosage
-
Ipratropium / adverse effects*
-
Myocardial Ischemia / chemically induced
-
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / drug therapy*
-
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / mortality
-
Risk Factors
-
Scopolamine Derivatives / administration & dosage
-
Scopolamine Derivatives / adverse effects*
-
Smoking / adverse effects
-
Survival Analysis
-
Tiotropium Bromide
Substances
-
Cholinergic Antagonists
-
Scopolamine Derivatives
-
Ipratropium
-
Tiotropium Bromide