Experimental study on stability of different solid contact arrangements of ion-selective electrodes

Abstract

Comparison of potentials stability of different types of solid contact lead selective electrodes is presented. Conducting polymer based sensors (hydrophilic and conducting - poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) or hydrophobic and semiconducting-polyoctylthiophene) were studied in parallel with coated wire and hydrogel (poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate)) contact electrodes. The within day and between days potential stability was compared, highlighting the effect of sensor storing conditions. The obtained results clearly demonstrate that different conclusions on stability of sensors' potential can be drawn depending on experimental protocol applied. Polyoctylthiophene based contacts show superior within day stability with no influence of dry storage. On the other hand, a chronopotentiometric method of stability evaluation clearly prefers poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) based sensors, pointing to smallest resistance and polarizability. It is clearly shown that the choice of experimental conditions applied to test stability can favor particular type of contact used. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with laser ablation (LA-ICP-MS) experiments conducted for different arrangements tested has shown that for poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and poly(hydroxyethylmethacrylate) type contacts longer contact time with lead(II) solution results in changes in the elemental composition of the transducer layer. On the other hand, in line with high stability observed under potentiometric conditions, no changes were seen for polyoctylthiophene based transducer.