Mortality and readmission among ventilator-dependent patients after successful weaned discharge from a respiratory care ward

Abstract

Background/purpose: Patients on prolonged mechanical ventilation in Taiwan are stepped down to a respiratory care ward (RCW) for further respiratory care. Only a few patients in the RCW can ultimately be weaned and discharged. In this study, we tried to determine factors that predict mortality and readmission of these patients in the post-discharge period.

Methods: Between May 1, 2004 and October 31, 2006, clinical data were retrospectively analyzed for eligible patients in a RCW. Patients who were successfully weaned from mechanical ventilation were enrolled in this study.

Results: A total of 243 patients were eligible for evaluation, and 67 patients were successfully weaned and discharged. By Kaplan-Meier curve, 36 (67.1%) patients were readmitted within 3 months after discharge, and among these, 23 (63.9%) had mechanical ventilation reinstituted at the time of first readmission. The most common cause of readmission was airway infection (80.5%). Overall mortality and readmission rates at 1 year after weaned discharge were 32.9% and 88.2%, respectively. By multivariate analysis, patients with neurologic causes of ventilator dependency were less likely to be readmitted (hazard ratio = 0.36; p =0.034), and neoplastic diseases (hazard ratio = 4.66; p =0.031) were independently associated with mortality.

Conclusion: Underlying comorbidities and causes of ventilator dependency are important predictors of mortality and readmission among patients after weaned discharge from a RCW.