The liver sample of mouse under different conditions is investigated in this paper, and the three-dimensional vessel system of mouse liver is established. The experiments were performed at X-ray imaging and biomedical application beamline (BL13W1) of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF). The results show that dry liver sample has the best imaging quality. By the approach of filter back projection (FBP), the tomography images are obtained. The vessel tree is reconstructed by the use of surface rendering. It reveals that in-line phase contrast imaging technique has the ability to visualize structures inside mouse liver and has the potential to be used in liver imaging in the future.