Objective: To investigate the relationship on the effect of blood pressure (BP) control and the incidence of new diabetes mellitus (DM) in a follow-up study.
Methods: In this prospective study, non-diabetic subjects (n = 3146, 41% men) were recruited from the program "Prevention of Multiple Metabolic disorders and metabolic syndrome (MS) in Jiangsu province" (PMMJS) to evaluate the risk of DM in relation to BP control program on both healthy or hypertensive patients.
Results: During the follow-up period, 102 subjects developed diabetes. In both healthy or hypertensive patients groupes, the incidence rates of diabetes increased along with the increase of either systolic or diastolic BP and were significantly higher in subjects who had become hypertension (5.6%) or patients with uncontrolled (7.1%) BP at baseline survey than in those who had maintained normal BP (1.9%) or with controlled BP at baseline survey (2.2%). After adjusted for age, sex and other diabetes-related risk factors at baseline study, the aRR of diabetes incidence for subjects with normal BP at baseline who became hypertension (1.84, 95%CI: 1.00 - 3.63) was higher than who maintained normal BP (1.90, 95%CI: 1.03 - 3.74) after the follow-up program, and hypertensive patients with uncontrolled BP was higher than those with controlled BP. When adjusted for baseline MS, the aRR (95%CI) for subjects with normal BP at baseline who had developed hypertension was 1.70 (0.99 - 2.78) compared those remained normal BP levels after the follow-up program, and 1.90 (1.04 - 3.75) for hypertensive patients with uncontrolled BP when compared with those whose BP had been under control.
Conclusion: When the BP level had been effectively under control, the risk of developing a type 2 diabetes could be reduced.