In vitro and in vivo trypanocidal effects of the cyclopalladated compound 7a, a drug candidate for treatment of Chagas' disease

Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2010 Aug;54(8):3318-25. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00323-10. Epub 2010 May 17.

Abstract

Chagas' disease, a neglected tropical infection, affects about 18 million people, and 100 million are at risk. The only drug available, benznidazole, is effective in the acute form and in the early chronic form, but its efficacy and tolerance are inversely related to the age of the patients. Side effects are frequent in elderly patients. The search for new drugs is thus warranted. In the present study we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo effect of a cyclopalladated compound (7a) against Trypanosoma cruzi, the agent of Chagas' disease. The 7a compound inhibits trypomastigote cell invasion, decreases intracellular amastigote proliferation, and is very effective as a trypanocidal drug in vivo, even at very low dosages. It was 340-fold more cytotoxic to parasites than to mammalian cells and was more effective than benznidazole in all in vitro and in vivo experiments. The 7a cyclopalladate complex exerts an apoptosis-like death in T. cruzi trypomastigote forms and causes mitochondrion disruption seen by electron microscopy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Line
  • Chagas Disease / drug therapy*
  • Chagas Disease / mortality
  • Chagas Disease / parasitology
  • Chagas Disease / pathology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
  • Nitroimidazoles / administration & dosage
  • Nitroimidazoles / chemistry
  • Nitroimidazoles / pharmacology
  • Nitroimidazoles / therapeutic use
  • Palladium / administration & dosage
  • Palladium / chemistry
  • Palladium / pharmacology*
  • Palladium / therapeutic use*
  • Parasitic Sensitivity Tests
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Trypanocidal Agents / administration & dosage
  • Trypanocidal Agents / chemistry
  • Trypanocidal Agents / pharmacology*
  • Trypanocidal Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Trypanosoma cruzi / drug effects*
  • Trypanosoma cruzi / growth & development
  • Trypanosoma cruzi / pathogenicity
  • Trypanosoma cruzi / ultrastructure

Substances

  • Nitroimidazoles
  • Trypanocidal Agents
  • Palladium
  • benzonidazole