Aim: The aim of this study was to establish a third molar developmental database to model dental age of Polish youngsters, to investigate the rating level of the scores when dividing a year interval into a quarter of a year and to examine sex differences, left-right and upper-lower jaw asymmetry.
Material and methods: A cross-sectional sample of 1048 orthopantomograms of 644 females and 404 males aged between 12 and 26 years was investigated using the scoring system of Gleiser and Hunt modified by Köhler. Reference tables according to age were split in a whole year and in quarters of a year using descriptive statistics. The various developmental stages between males and females were analyzed with a paired t-test and the cusum method. Differences in mineralization between the quadrants were analyzed with a two-factor ANOVA and the Duncan post hoc test. The single quadratic and support vector regression were performed to describe the relationship between score and age.
Results: Dividing age classes in quarters of a year discriminated better between individuals provided that there is a sufficient sampling size for all age classes. The mineralization tempo occurred significantly at a faster rate in males. The maturational events in the upper arch developed significantly at earlier ages for both genders. Obtained chronological age had nearly the same standard error of estimate when calculated with both regression methods.
Discussion and conclusion: Comparing the results of the present study with those of other population groups suggests that there are differences in the ageing process of the wisdom tooth. This is the first database of Polish youngsters (15-24 years) with their respective regression equations to yield age estimations.
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