This report examines the impact of remoteness and population size on the costs of providing primary health care services in remote Northern Territory Indigenous communities. For remote health clinics servicing a population of similar size, total expenditure increased as remoteness increased. Total expenditure in remote clinics increased with population size, but average per capita expenditure was highest in clinics servicing populations of less than 200 people and lowest for populations of between 600 and 999. Staffing costs comprised over 70% of expenses. The largest non-staffing cost was property management. The higher costs of clinics that are in more remote locations or servicing smaller populations need to be recognised in funding distribution methodologies.