Abstract
In the present study, we examined the effects of ginsenoside Re (Re) on cytokine expression, cytokine-dependent autophagy and cell survival in human CD4(+) T cells. When CD4(+) T cells isolated from human peripheral blood were treated with Re, LC3 and monodansylcadaverine (MDC), representative markers of autophagy, were decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, Re suppressed the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and immunity-related GTPase family M (IRGM) in CD4(+) T cells whereas no changes in other autophagy-related signaling molecules (ERK, p38 and AKT-mTOR-p70S6k) were found. Concomitantly, we observed that Re increased the proliferation of CD4(+) T cells with decreased cell death. Our results demonstrate that ginsenoside Re enhanced viability of CD4(+) T cells through the regulation of IFN-gamma-dependent autophagy activity.
Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Antibodies, Monoclonal / pharmacology
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Autophagy / drug effects*
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Autophagy / immunology
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Biomarkers / metabolism
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / drug effects*
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
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CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / pathology
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Cadaverine / analogs & derivatives
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Cadaverine / metabolism
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Cell Proliferation / drug effects
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Cell Survival / drug effects*
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Down-Regulation
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GTP-Binding Proteins / genetics
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GTP-Binding Proteins / metabolism
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Ginsenosides / pharmacology*
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Humans
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Interferon-gamma / biosynthesis*
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Interferon-gamma / genetics
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Interferon-gamma / metabolism
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Lymphocyte Activation / drug effects
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Microtubule-Associated Proteins / genetics
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Microtubule-Associated Proteins / metabolism
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Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / immunology
Substances
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Antibodies, Monoclonal
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Biomarkers
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Ginsenosides
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MAP1LC3A protein, human
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Microtubule-Associated Proteins
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Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell
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ginsenoside Re
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Interferon-gamma
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GTP-Binding Proteins
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IRGM protein, human
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monodansylcadaverine
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Cadaverine