New Angiopep-modified doxorubicin (ANG1007) and etoposide (ANG1009) chemotherapeutics with increased brain penetration

Abstract

This report describes the synthesis and preliminary biological characterization of 2 (ANG1007) and 3 (ANG1009), two new chemical entities under development for the treatment of primary and secondary brain cancers. 2 consists of three doxorubicin molecules conjugated to Angiopep-2, a 19-mer peptide that crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by an LRP-1 receptor-mediated transcytosis mechanism. 3 has a similar structure, with the exception that three etoposide moieties are conjugated to Angiopep-2. Both agents killed cancer cell lines in vitro with similar IC(50) values and with apparently similar cytotoxic mechanisms as unconjugated doxorubicin and etoposide. 2 and 3 exhibited dramatically higher BBB influx rate constants than unconjugated doxorubicin and etoposide and pooled within brain parenchymal tissue. Passage through the BBB was similar in Mdr1a (-/-) and wild type mice. These results provide further evidence of the potential of this drug development platform in the isolation of novel therapeutics with increased brain penetration.