A case of torsades de pointes induced by severe QT prolongation after an overdose of eperisone and triazolam in a patient receiving nifedipine

Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2010 Feb;48(2):149-52. doi: 10.3109/15563650903524126.

Abstract

Introduction: Eperisone hydrochloride is a centrally acting muscle relaxant, and triazolam is a short-acting benzodiazepine. Although commonly prescribed, cardiotoxicity induced by a single overdose of either drug is comparatively rare. A patient receiving nifedipine developed torsades de pointes (TdP) because of prolongation of the corrected QT (QTc) interval after an overdose of eperisone hydrochloride and triazolam.

Case report: A 60-year-old man receiving nifedipine was admitted in a comatose condition 3 h after ingesting 5,000 mg of eperisone and 2.5 mg of triazolam. Electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm with prolongation of the QTc interval (820 ms). The serum electrolyte levels were as follows: potassium, 3.8 mEq/L; magnesium, 2.4 mg/dL. The serum drug concentrations were high: eperisone, 15,360 ng/mL; triazolam, 110.8 ng/mL. A temporary cardiac pacemaker was implanted immediately after the development of TdP, 11 h after the ingestion. The serum triazolam concentration normalized on day 2. The QTc interval and eperisone concentration normalized on day 6.

Conclusion: Eperisone and triazolam overdose can cause life-threatening cardiotoxicity. Electrocardiographic monitoring and serial determination of QTc interval are likely the best way to observe these patients and evaluate the risk of cardiotoxicity.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Anxiety Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Anti-Anxiety Agents / poisoning
  • Calcium Channel Blockers / adverse effects
  • Coma / chemically induced
  • Drug Interactions
  • Drug Overdose
  • Electrocardiography
  • Humans
  • Long QT Syndrome / chemically induced*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Muscle Relaxants, Central / pharmacokinetics
  • Muscle Relaxants, Central / poisoning
  • Nifedipine / adverse effects
  • Propiophenones / pharmacokinetics
  • Propiophenones / poisoning*
  • Torsades de Pointes / chemically induced*
  • Triazolam / pharmacokinetics
  • Triazolam / poisoning*

Substances

  • Anti-Anxiety Agents
  • Calcium Channel Blockers
  • Muscle Relaxants, Central
  • Propiophenones
  • Triazolam
  • eperisone
  • Nifedipine