In this paper, we studied 15 cases of early rheumatoid arthritis presenting with inflammatory lesions in different degrees of evolution. We want to highlight B- and T-lymphocytes in synovial tissue collected from patients diagnosed with early rheumatoid arthritis, to establish the pattern of their distribution, possibly in relation to local neovascularisation to determine the role played by these types of cells. The pathological samples were represented by synovial membrane biopsy fragments, which were examined by histopathological and immunohistochemical methods. We noticed a perivascular distribution of lymphocyte infiltrate, up to formation of lymphoid follicles with germinal centers. There is a close interdependence between B- and T-lymphocytes in these lesions, and their presence in the synovial membrane in relation to newly formed blood vessels facilitates their action and their chemical mediators. Studying the interdependence of different types of lymphocytes and their connection with blood vessels may generate new therapeutic targets.