With continued enhancements in cancer diagnosis and treatment, clinical assessments are deeper. More composite indicators are applied and evaluations are more "patient-centered", focusing on disease status and response to treatment, as well as the quality-of-life of patients as primary components, including the patients themselves, clinical staff, caregivers, and medical examinations, and other aspects of the evaluation. We reviewed the current research on the application and development of clinical assessment indicators for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and modern medicine, and explored its significance and the advancements in effective evaluations.