Acidification and starch behaviour during co-fermentation of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and soybean (Glycine max Merr) into gari, an African fermented food

Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2010 Aug;61(5):449-62. doi: 10.3109/09637480903393727.

Abstract

Changes in acidification and starch behaviour were investigated during co-fermentation of cassava and soybean into gari, an African fermented product. Non-volatile acidity, pH and starch content were evaluated using standard analytical methods. Starch breakdown and pasting characteristics were also analysed using a Brabender viscoamylograph. Fermentation caused significant variations in the pH, non-volatile acidity and starch concentration. The pH decreased with concomitant increases in non-volatile acidity during co-fermentation of the cassava dough. Soy fortification up to 20% caused only minimal effects on the pH, titratable acidity and starch content during the fermentation period. Starch content decreased from 69.8% to 60.4% within the 48 h fermentation time in the unfortified sample, with similar trends noted at all levels of fortification. Starch pasting characteristics showed varied trends in pasting temperature, peak viscosity, viscosity at 95 degrees C and at 50 degrees C-hold with increasing fermentation time and soybean concentration. Cassava could be co-fermented with soybean up to 20% concentration during gari processing without significant effect on its process and product quality characteristics.

MeSH terms

  • Africa, Western
  • Chemical Phenomena
  • Cooking / methods*
  • Fermentation*
  • Food, Fortified / analysis*
  • Glycine max / chemistry*
  • Hot Temperature
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Manihot / chemistry*
  • Plant Tubers / chemistry
  • Quality Control
  • Rheology
  • Seeds / chemistry
  • Soy Foods / analysis
  • Starch / analysis
  • Starch / chemistry*
  • Starch / metabolism
  • Time Factors
  • Titrimetry
  • Viscosity

Substances

  • Starch