The Rad9A checkpoint protein is required for nuclear localization of the claspin adaptor protein

Cell Cycle. 2010 Feb 1;9(3):548-56. doi: 10.4161/cc.9.3.10553.

Abstract

The interaction between the 911 complex, via Rad9A, and Claspin is required for activation of the Chk1-mediated checkpoint response, along with ATR, TopBp1, and the 911 clamp loader complex Rad17/RFC. Despite the importance of the Rad9A-Claspin interaction in the cell cycle, this interaction has yet to be characterized. In this work we show this interaction persists in a variety of different conditions. During the course of this study we also determined the nuclear localization of Rad9A affected the localization of the Claspin protein, leading us to the conclusion that Rad9A is able to affect Claspin cellular localization. This was verified experimentally using a Rad9A-null cell line and reconstitution of Wt Rad9A. We also show that in meS cells the Rad9A paralog, Rad9B, is also capable of affecting Claspin localization. Together, these data suggest that Rad9 plays a role in locating Claspin to sites of DNA damage, facilitating its role during the Chk1-mediated checkpoint response. Since disruption of both Rad9A and Claspin has been shown to abolish Chk1 activation, we postulate that Rad9A-mediated Claspin localization is a vital step during checkpoint activation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / metabolism*
  • Animals
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / chemistry
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / genetics
  • Cell Cycle Proteins / metabolism*
  • Cell Cycle* / drug effects
  • Cell Nucleus / drug effects
  • Cell Nucleus / metabolism*
  • DNA Damage
  • Embryonic Stem Cells / cytology
  • Embryonic Stem Cells / drug effects
  • Embryonic Stem Cells / metabolism
  • Gene Deletion
  • Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mutation / genetics
  • Protein Binding / drug effects
  • Protein Transport / drug effects
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / metabolism
  • Subcellular Fractions / drug effects
  • Subcellular Fractions / metabolism
  • Tretinoin / pharmacology

Substances

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
  • CLSPN protein, human
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • RNA, Messenger
  • claspin protein, mouse
  • rad9 protein
  • Tretinoin