Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) have been shown to be multipotent and could be induced into various cell types, which make them the ideal cell source for cell therapy or tissue engineering. However, differentiation of ASCs into hepatocytes on three-dimensional scaffold, an important part of tissue engineering, has not been reported. In this study, to investigate the hepatogenesis of ASCs on porous poly-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) scaffolds, we loaded hASCs on these scaffolds. The cell-scaffold complex was implanted into the peritoneal cavity of 70% hepatectomized rats with or without 14 days of induction in hepatic inducing medium. Our results indicated that hASCs cultured on the PLGA scaffolds in the hepatic inducing medium proliferated more efficiently and could be induced into cells with hepatocyte-like phenotypic and functional properties. In vivo studies showed that induced hASCs on PLGA scaffolds survived and maintained hepatic phenotype and function for at least 14 days after implantation; moreover, noninduced hASCs on PLGA scaffolds expressed human albumin 14 days after transplantation. Collectively, these results suggest that porous PLGA scaffolds are suitable for the hepatogenesis of hASCs. These findings might be helpful in the application of hASC-based tissue engineering for liver disease therapy.