Antibody persistence six years after two doses of combined hepatitis A and B vaccine

Abstract

Persistent immunity to hepatitis A and hepatitis B antibodies six years after vaccination of adolescents (aged 12-15 years) with a combined hepatitis A and B (HAB) vaccine following a 0, 6 month or a 0, 12 month schedule was assessed. Yearly (Year-2-6) serum samples were tested for anti-HAV and anti-HBs using EIA. Subjects with anti-HBs concentrations <10 mIU/mL (14/23) at Year-5 or Year-6, received an additional HBV vaccine dose approximately 12 months after Year-6. Blood samples were collected pre-booster and 1 month post-booster to assess booster response. 240 subjects were vaccinated in the study; at Year-6, data were available from 88 subjects. At that time 84.8% (39/46; 0, 6 month) and 92.9% (39/42; 0, 12 month) of subjects had anti-HBs concentrations > or = 10 mIU/mL. All but one of the 14 boosted subjects responded to the additional HBV vaccine dose with anti-HBs concentrations > or = 100 mIU/mL. All seroconverted subjects who returned at Year-6 were seropositive for anti-HAV. Simplification, reduced number of doses and similar long-term persistence of immunity make the 0, 6 month and 0, 12 month schedule preferable for immunization against HAV/HBV in this population.