Influenza A encephalopathy, cerebral vasculopathy, and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: combined occurrence in a 3-year-old child

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2010 Sep;31(8):1443-6. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A1903. Epub 2009 Dec 24.

Abstract

Encephalopathy is an uncommon complication of childhood influenza infection, typically recognized during influenza epidemics. Imaging hallmarks include characteristic thalamic lesions, thalamic necrosis and hemispheric edema. We describe a child with acute influenza A associated necrotizing encephalopathy with MR angiographic evidence of significant cerebral vasculopathy and a hemispheric edema pattern consistent with PRES. This case reinforces that significant cerebral vasculopathy can accompany influenza infection and that influenza is a likely trigger for PRES.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Cerebrovascular Disorders / pathology
  • Cerebrovascular Disorders / virology
  • Child, Preschool
  • Encephalitis, Viral / pathology*
  • Encephalitis, Viral / virology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Influenza A virus*
  • Influenza, Human / complications*
  • Influenza, Human / pathology
  • Magnetic Resonance Angiography
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging*
  • Necrosis
  • Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome / pathology*
  • Posterior Leukoencephalopathy Syndrome / virology