The name of Sir Alfred Baring Garrod is linked with the first detection of uric acid in blood and its accumulation in sufferers from gout as well as the formulation of the term rheumatoid arthritis. The disease concept formulated by him initially (especially in Germany) caused confusion and much discussion but has now become accepted worldwide. Garrod's work on gout delivered important contributions to the elucidation of pathophysiological problems of the symptoms. Furthermore, he made a great contribution to the reorganization of the British Pharmacopoeia. One of his sons, the also knighted Sir Archibald Edward Garrod, initially continued the work of his father in the field of rheumatology and thereby made it really known. Later he developed his own research field with the establishment of the genetics of metabolism and introduced here the term inborn errors of metabolism.