Objective: The purpose of this study was to address the controversy whether the quality of volumetric high-resolution CT (HRCT) images is as good as that of axial nonvolumetric HRCT images by assessing the degree of motion artifact on images acquired with the two methods at MDCT of pediatric patients with known or suspected lung disease.
Materials and methods: A search of the hospital information system was conducted to identify the cases of pediatric patients with clinically suspected or known interstitial lung disease who underwent 16-MDCT of the chest with both volumetric and axial HRCT acquisitions (both 1.25-mm slice thickness) from March 2005 to July 2008. Two pediatric radiologists reviewed the images for the presence of motion artifacts at three anatomic levels (upper, middle, and lower lung zones). Motion artifacts were given numerical grades representing no artifact to severe artifact, and the paired Student's t test was used to compare the scores for the two acquisition methods. A total motion score for each acquisition was calculated by summing the scores for each of the three lung zones, and the scores for the two imaging methods were compared. Correlation between degree of motion artifact and age was evaluated. Effective radiation doses were estimated for volumetric and axial CT acquisitions.
Results: The study population consisted of 54 children (28 boys, 26 girls; mean age, 11.7 +/- 3.8 years; range, 5-18 years; eight inpatients, 46 outpatients) who underwent a total of 54 MDCT chest studies with volumetric and axial HRCT acquisitions. Motion artifact scores were higher for axial than for volumetric HRCT images of the upper (1.2 vs 1.0), middle (1.6 vs 1.2), and lower (2.2 vs 1.5) lung zones (p < 0.05 at each level). The total motion score of the axial HRCT images (mean, 5; range, 1-9) was higher than that of the volumetric HRCT images (mean, 3.6; range, 1-8) (p < 0.05). Younger age correlated with higher motion artifact score on axial HRCT images (r = -0.36, p < 0.01), whereas no correlation was found between age and motion artifact score on volumetric HRCT images (r = -0.12, p = 0.38). The effective radiation doses were 0.57 mSv for axial HRCT acquisition and 7.6 mSv for volumetric acquisition. The addition of axial acquisition increased the total radiation dose of the MDCT examination 7.1%.
Conclusion: At CT of pediatric patients, reconstructed HRCT images from volumetric MDCT acquisition have significantly less motion artifact than images obtained with traditional axial acquisition.